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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a child who presents with a nosebleed (epistaxis). The nurse considers several interventions. For each potential intervention, specify if the potential intervention is expected or unexpected for the client.
      ExpectedUnexpected
      Apply pressure to tip of nose for at least 10 minutes.✓
      Prepare to administer packed red blood cells.✓
      Have child tilt head back.✓
      Prepare to administer a topical antifibrinolytic agent.✓
      Insert cotton into nostril.✓
      Prepare to administer factor VIII.✓
      Apply ice to bridge of nose.✓
    2. The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the toddler’s parent. Which of the following information should the nurse include?(SATA)
      A)The incident should have no impact on the child's intelligence, memory, or behavior.
      B)They should purchase a bite block for use at home.
      C)If a seizure occurs again at home, the child should be placed on their side.
      D)There is a chance that this will recur during a febrile illness.
      E)The child will need antiepileptic therapy for at least one year.
      F)Antipyretic therapy during febrile illnesses will prevent this from occurring again.
    3. The nurse should first notify the surgeon due to the child's difficulty swallowing and the child’s throat secretions.
      A)Provide discharge education.
      B)Provide a diversionary activity.
      C)Offer the child a popsicle.
      D)Administer PRN pain medication.
    4. A nurse is assessing a toddler who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)New heart murmur.
      B)Weight gain.
      C)Bradycardia.
      D)Decreased body temperature.
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing a history and physical for a toddler who is scheduled to receive a measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunization. Which of the following findings indicate that the immunization should be withheld?
      A)Temperature of 37.9° C (100.2° F).
      B)Family history of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID).
      C)Taking an antihistamine for seasonal allergies.
      D)Receiving prednisone for nephrotic syndrome.
    2. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a 4-year-old child who has hemophilia and is experiencing acute hemarthrosis of the knee. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
      A)Perform passive range of motion exercises as needed for pain.
      B)Apply heat to the affected joint.
      C)Elevate the knee above the level of the heart.
      D)Administer aspirin as needed for pain.
    3. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a child about home care following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
      A)You should give your child aspirin if they report pain at the site.
      B)You can remove the pressure dressing 8 hours after the procedure.
      C)Your child can soak in the bathtub 24 hours after the procedure.
      D)Your child should avoid strenuous physical activities for several days.
    4. A nurse is planning care for an infant who has congenital talipes equinovarus. Which of the following referrals should the nurse expect the provider to make?
      A)Speech therapist.
      B)Nutrition counselor.
      C)Orthopedic specialist.
      D)Respiratory therapist.
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child following a surgical procedure. Which of the following pain rating scales should the nurse use?
      A)Oucher pain rating scale.
      B)Word-Graphic rating scale.
      C)Numeric rating scale.
      D)Visual analog scale.
    2. A nurse is educating a parent and child on the new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following manifestations are associated with hypoglycemia?
      A)Abdominal pain and double vision.
      B)Nightmares and sweating.
      C)Excessive urination and fruity breath odor.
      D)Flushed skin and dry mucous membranes.
    3. A nurse is teaching a school-age child and their parents about managing diabetes mellitus during illness. The nurse should determine that the teaching has been effective when the parents indicate that they will provide which of the following when the child is ill?
      A)Decreased calories.
      B)Increased fluids.
      C)Blood glucose monitoring every 8 hours.
      D)Urine testing for ketones.
    4. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a 4-year-old child who has hemophilia and is experiencing acute hemarthrosis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
      A)Have the child perform passive range-of-motion exercises.
      B)Administer aspirin as needed for pain.
      C)Place ice packs on the affected joints.
      D)Position the lower extremities below the level of the heart.
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has a new prescription for cefazolin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the adolescent to monitor and report to the provider?
      A)Urticaria.
      B)Dry mouth.
      C)Constipation.
      D)Back pain.
    2. A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has a new prescription for cefazolin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the adolescent to monitor and report to the provider?
      A)Urticaria.
      B)Dry mouth.
      C)Constipation.
      D)Back pain.
    3. A nurse on a pediatric unit is receiving a change-of-shift report for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?
      A)A child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy and reports moderate throat pain.
      B)A child who had a cardiac catheterization using the femoral artery and has blanching of the toes.
      C)A child who has bacterial pneumonia and is due for their initial dose of IV antibiotics.
      D)A child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and needs assistance with the application of prescribed splints.
    4. A nurse is admitting a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
      A)Initiate antibiotic therapy for the child.
      B)Minimize the child's environmental stimuli.
      C)Place the child in a side-lying position.
      D)Administer pain medication to the child.
    Page 4 of 17

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
      A)The infant does not exhibit fear of strangers.
      B)The infant does not roll over from their abdomen to their back.
      C)The infant does not pick up objects from the floor with their fingers.
      D)The infant does not sit on the floor unsupported.
    2. A nurse is assessing a child who has an acute kidney injury. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
      A)Decreased respiratory rate.
      B)Polyuria.
      C)Hyperactivity.
      D)Edema.
    3. A nurse is assessing a child who has received the first 50 mL of a blood transfusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the child might be experiencing an air embolism?
      A)Sharp pain in the middle of the chest.
      B)Severe itching of the hands.
      C)Distended neck veins.
      D)Decreased temperature.
    4. A nurse is preparing an educational program about death and dying for the guardians of children who have a terminal illness. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
      A)Preschoolers believe their illness is punishment for their misbehavior.
      B)Preschoolers are interested in what happens to the body after death.
      C)Adolescents worry more about death than the physical changes that can occur as a result of the illness.
      D)Toddlers personify death as being a type of monster.
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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent regurgitation? (Select all that apply.)(SATA)
      A)Thicken the infant's formula with cereal.
      B)Avoid giving the infant citrus juices.
      C)Position the child with their head elevated after meals.
      D)Place the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping.
      E)Administer an antiemetic to the infant.
    2. A nurse is assessing an infant who has hydrocephalus. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
      A)Depressed scalp veins.
      B)Sunken anterior fontanels.
      C)Bulging eyes.
      D)Separated cranial sutures.
    3. A nurse is assessing an infant who has intussusception. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
      A)Polyuria.
      B)Scaphoid abdomen.
      C)Gelatinous red stool.
      D)Generalized edema.
    4. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of an infant about car seat safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicate an understanding of the teaching?
      A)I should place the shoulder harness above the level of my baby's shoulders.
      B)I should place the car seat rear-facing until my baby is 2 years old.
      C)I will place the retainer clip over my baby's abdomen.
      D)I should position my baby at a 30-degree angle in the car seat.
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