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    Exam Review

    1. An 8-year-old presents to the emergency room with burns to both legs. During assessment, the nurse notes that the burn on his right foot is dry in appearance with eschar tissue. The dermal elements are not present. When asked about sensation, the patient does not express pain at the site of the burn. The nurse knows that this burn is most likely classified as which type of burn?
      A)Partial Thickness Burn
      B)Subcutaneous Burn
      C)Scalding Burn
      D)Full Thickness Burn
    2. Which of the following are common tests ordered for patients with Trisomy 21? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)Estrogen level to assess fertility
      B)Vision and hearing screening to detect vision and hearing impairments
      C)Spine radiographs to assess for scoliosis
      D)Echocardiogram to detect cardiac defects
      E)Thyroid hormone level to detect thyroid disease
    3. Which physical assessment finding by the nurse is most indicative of tracheoesophageal fistula in a newborn?
      A)Rebound tenderness and low-grade fever
      B)Bulging fontanel and non-bilious emesis
      C)Palpable olive-shaped mass
      D)Excessive drooling and choking during feeding
    4. A clinic nurse has provided instructions to the mother of a 6-year-old female with a urinary tract infection. Which statements by the mother indicate understanding of home care? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)I will give my child high-fiber foods to prevent constipation
      B)I will encourage my child to urinate at least every few hours
      C)I will give my child daily bubble baths to maintain good hygiene
      D)I should increase my child’s fluid intake
      E)I will encourage my child to wipe back to front
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    Exam Review

    1. All of the following are appropriate nursing care interventions for a pediatric patient admitted to the hospital with a viral communicable disease except which one?
      A)Administering analgesics and intravenous antibiotics
      B)Providing supportive care, pain management, and comfort measures
      C)Administering intravenous fluids and monitoring hydration and nutrition
      D)Implementing isolation precautions to prevent disease spread
    2. A 3-year-old child presents in the pediatric emergency room and is very lethargic. The mother found her in the medication cabinet at home but is unsure what she ingested. What is the nurse’s first priority?
      A)Obtain a better history to determine what the child ingested
      B)Obtain vital signs and assess for perfusion
      C)Assess the child’s airway and breathing
      D)Administer activated charcoal via nasogastric tube
    3. A 24-month-old recently had routine lead testing done. A venous sample confirmed a blood lead level of 48 µg/dL. From history and physical exam, the nurse knows that the patient is asymptomatic. What is the best statement from the nurse to the parent regarding management for this patient?
      A)Your child will need immediate hospitalization for chelation therapy
      B)We will monitor the lead levels and provide nutritional counseling
      C)No treatment is needed since the child is asymptomatic
      D)Environmental changes are sufficient to manage this level
    4. The labs of a hospitalized child indicate protein in the urine, decreased serum albumin, and increased serum cholesterol. Upon assessment, the child presents with generalized edema. Which of the following diagnoses does the nurse anticipate given the clinical presentation?
      A)Nephrotic syndrome
      B)Acute glomerulonephritis
      C)Chronic kidney disease
      D)Urinary tract infection
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    Exam Review

    1. A new mother shows the nurse that her baby grasps her finger when she touches the baby’s palm. How might the nurse respond to this information?
      A)This is a protective reflex known as the Moro reflex
      B)This is a protective reflex known as rooting
      C)This is a primitive reflex known as the palmar grasp
      D)This is a primitive reflex known as the plantar grasp
    2. Which statement would warrant immediate concern from a nurse caring for a patient with diagnosed appendicitis awaiting surgery?
      A)The patient states, “I think I’m getting better, my pain is all gone now!”
      B)The patient states, “The pain is worse when I move, I can’t get up and go for a walk.”
      C)The patient is stating he is having 7/10 pain in his right lower quadrant
      D)The patient is nauseous and has vomited twice in the past three hours
    3. A nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of bladder exstrophy. To protect the exposed bladder tissue, the nurse plans to:
      A)Apply a sterile distilled water dressing over the bladder mucosa
      B)Keep the bladder tissue dry by covering it with a dry sterile dressing
      C)Cover the bladder with antibiotic-infused gauze
      D)Cover the bladder with non-adhering plastic wrap
    4. The nurse is interviewing a 3-year-old girl who tells the nurse: “Want go potty.” The parents tell the nurse that their daughter often speaks in this type of broken speech. What would be the nurse’s appropriate response to this concern?
      A)This is a condition known as stuttering and it is a normal pattern of speech development in the toddler
      B)This is a condition known as echolalia and can be corrected if you work with your daughter on language skills
      C)This is considered a developmental delay in the 3-year-old and we should consult a speech therapist
      D)This is a normal, common speech pattern in the 3-year-old and is called telegraphic speech
    Page 3 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is teaching parents about caring for their infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statements by the parents indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)We will place her on her stomach in her crib
      B)We will take breaks to burp her more often during feedings
      C)We will keep her upright for 30 minutes after feedings
      D)We will give large feedings less frequently throughout the day
      E)We will give small feedings more frequently throughout the day
    2. A mother calls the hospital nursing hotline and asks, “My 8-week-old daughter cries 8 hours a day, and she is hard to console. Is that normal?” What should the nurse’s response be to this mother?
      A)This is normal for an 8-week-old and will resolve with time
      B)This could indicate colic, and you should consult your pediatrician
      C)This is likely due to inadequate feeding; increase her formula intake
      D)This may be a sign of a serious illness; bring her to the emergency room
    3. Which approaches would be best for a nurse to use when attempting to do a physical assessment on a 2-year-old child? (Select all that apply)(SATA)
      A)Do not let the toddler touch the equipment
      B)Make the toddler more comfortable on the parent’s lap, do your exam there
      C)Be willing to change the order of your assessment based on the child’s level of cooperation
      D)Use praise
      E)Perform the ear and throat exams first to get them over with
    4. The child life specialist is preparing a 6-year-old child for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Which statement reflects the use of atraumatic principles when explaining the procedure?
      A)We will take you to the x-ray department for your test and you’ll see how simple it is
      B)The MRI machine is safe and will not cause you any pain
      C)You may hear some loud noises when you are lying in the machine, but they won’t hurt you
      D)You will be taken to a special room and left alone during the test
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    Exam Review

    1. What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with vesicoureteral reflux?
      A)The use of bubble baths as an incentive to increase bath time
      B)The need for the child to hold urine for 6 to 8 hours to increase capacity
      C)The importance of taking prophylactic antibiotics
      D)Suggestions for how to maintain fluid restrictions
    2. The nurse is working with a mother and her 4-year-old daughter just diagnosed with autism. The mother asks the nurse what the treatment is for autism. What is the best response by the nurse?
      A)There is no cure for autism; there is a poor prognosis for the child ever living independently
      B)The management of autism is focused on helping the child reach optimal function for them
      C)Stimulant medications and antipsychotics are always included in the treatment
      D)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the mainstay of treatment for autism
    3. A nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant in the emergency department. The caregiver reports that the baby “rolled off the couch” and has bruising on the ear and cheek. Based on the TEN-4-FACESp bruising screening tool, what is the priority nursing action?
      A)Recognize the bruising as a potential indicator of non-accidental trauma and report the findings to the appropriate child protective services
      B)Assume the bruising is accidental since the caregiver provided an explanation and document the findings
      C)Document the findings and reassure the caregiver that bruising is normal in infants
      D)Educate the caregiver on infant mobility and instruct them to monitor for additional bruising at home
    4. A nurse is preparing to administer the first measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunization to a 15-month-old toddler. Which of the following findings is a contraindication for this immunization?
      A)The child is currently taking antibiotics for otitis media
      B)The child has a congenital immunodeficiency
      C)The child has a cough and a temperature of 37.7°C (99.9°F)
      D)The child’s temperature after the last set of immunizations was 38.3°C (101°F)
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    Exam Review

    1. Drag and drop the physical exam findings that would make the nurse suspicious of child abuse.
      A)A pattern of splashing seen from a scalding burn in a 2-year-old
      B)An explanation for injury that matches the child’s development
      C)Bruising noted on the torso of a 9-month-old
      D)A burn that looks like socks on bilateral feet from immersion
    2. Which of the following is not a reason young children are more prone to constipation?
      A)Potty training contributes due to poor understanding of body reflexes
      B)Bubble baths contribute to inflammation of the rectum
      C)Children are picky eaters and do not consume enough fiber
      D)Children would rather play and ignore defecation cues
    3. You are the nurse in a pediatrician’s office. You are taking vital signs of a child who was in the hospital for pertussis last month. The child is unvaccinated. The mother asks, “Now that he has had pertussis, is he immune to it?” The best response from the nurse would be:
      A)Yes, he now has passive, natural immunity
      B)Yes, he now has passive, artificial immunity
      C)Yes, he now has active, natural immunity
      D)Yes, he now has active, artificial immunity
    4. A family consists of a 14-year-old, an 8-year-old, and a 2-year-old child. According to family development theory, what stage of development is the family in right now?
      A)School-age stage
      B)Adolescent stage
      C)Preschool stage
      D)Mixed developmental stage
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