37 year old patient admitted for exploratory colonoscopy. Surgical note Patient is a 37 year old male with no past medical history taken today for exploratory colonoscopy with possible surgical intervention. Prior to surgery patient reported lower abdominal pain 8 out of 10, no blood or mucus in stool. Blood cultures were taken and resulted negative. Colonoscopy performed and shows normal tissue surrounding in descending colon. Diverticular abscess in sigmoid colon noted. Incision and drainage performed and samples obtained for colonic tissue culture. Patient to be started on antibiotics for abscess, pending culture results. A nurse is caring for the patient post colonoscopy. The nurse reviews the medication administration record and notes a one time dose of cefazolin was given prior to the procedure. The healthcare provider then places a new order for ampicillin/sulbactam. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse understands that the antibiotic given prior to surgery is considered ___ therapy. Meanwhile the new antibiotic is used as ___ therapy.

i) Prophylactic: The cefazolin administered prior to the colonoscopy was intended to prevent potential infection related to the surgical procedure. Prophylactic antibiotics are given to reduce the risk of postoperative infections in patients undergoing surgeries, especially those involving the gastrointestinal tract. ii) Empiric: The ampicillin/sulbactam prescribed post-procedure is used empirically to treat the diverticular abscess while awaiting culture results. Empiric therapy is based on clinical judgment to target likely pathogens before specific culture data are available, ensuring timely treatment of the infection. Incorrect: Curative: Refers to treatment aimed at eradicating a disease, not applicable to the initial prophylactic dose or empirical use of antibiotics. Therapeutic: Broadly refers to treatment, but in this context, "empiric" more precisely describes the rationale for antibiotic use. Diagnostic: Involves tests or procedures to determine a diagnosis, not relevant to the use of antibiotics. Adjunctive: Refers to supplementary treatment, which does not describe the primary role of the antibiotics. Maintenance: Involves ongoing treatment to prevent recurrence, which is not relevant here.