A 35-year-old patient with a history of alcohol use disorder is admitted to the psychiatric unit. Which actions should the nurse prioritize in the initial care plan? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: Monitoring vital signs tracks withdrawal complications, like tachycardia, in alcohol use disorder. Scientifically, withdrawal causes autonomic arousal and glutamate hyperactivity, risking seizures. Regular monitoring ensures early detection of neurobiological instability, guiding interventions to stabilize physiological responses and ensure patient safety during detoxification. Choice B reason: Fall precautions prevent injuries during withdrawal, as confusion increases risk. Scientifically, alcohol withdrawal disrupts GABA and glutamate balance, causing disorientation. Implementing precautions addresses motor and cognitive impairments, ensuring safety by mitigating neurobiological instability’s impact on physical coordination during acute detoxification phases. Choice C reason: Hydration and electrolyte support correct imbalances from alcohol withdrawal. Dehydration and hypokalemia risk seizures due to glutamate hyperactivity. Scientifically, restoring electrolytes stabilizes neural function, preventing complications like delirium tremens, supporting physiological recovery and ensuring safety during alcohol detoxification. Choice D reason: A mental status exam assesses withdrawal severity, like delirium or hallucinations. Scientifically, it evaluates GABA and glutamate imbalances, guiding interventions. This identifies cognitive and psychological impairments, ensuring tailored care to stabilize neurobiological responses and support recovery from alcohol use disorder’s acute effects. Choice E reason: Benzodiazepines manage withdrawal by enhancing GABA activity, reducing neural excitability. Scientifically, they prevent seizures and delirium tremens by countering glutamate-driven hyperactivity. Administering prescribed doses ensures safety, stabilizing neurobiological responses and supporting recovery during acute alcohol withdrawal phases effectively.