A 36-year-old male patient arrives at the trauma department after being involved in a motor vehicle accident. Due to a major vehicle pile-up on a flyover bridge. EMS arrival and intervention were delayed. The patient's vital signs on arrival are as follows: Heart rate: 130 bpm Blood pressure:80/50 mmHg Respiratory rate: 28 breaths per minute Oxygen saturation: 90% on 10/min via non-rebreather mask Temperature: 97.2°F (36.2°C) Skin: Cool, pale, and diaphoretic Based on the patients condition and prolonged time without intervention, what type of shock and what stage of shock might the patient be in? (Select all that apply)

A. Neurogenic: Neurogenic shock typically presents with hypotension and bradycardia due to loss of sympathetic tone. This patient has tachycardia, which makes neurogenic shock unlikely. B. Hypovolemic shock: The patient shows classic signs of hypovolemic shock, including hypotension, tachycardia, cool and pale skin, and elevated respiratory rate. These findings are consistent with fluid loss from trauma and delayed EMS intervention. C. Cardiogenic shock: Cardiogenic shock is caused by primary heart dysfunction, such as myocardial infarction or severe heart failure. There is no evidence of cardiac injury or history suggesting pump failure; hypotension is more likely due to volume loss. D. Initial stage of shock: The patient exhibits compensatory mechanisms such as tachycardia and increased respiratory rate, which indicate early or initial stage shock. Blood pressure is low, but perfusion is still partially maintained through compensatory responses.