A 65-year-old patient with a diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder is brought to a clinic by family members who report increased difficulty with memory and daily activities. Which actions would be important to support the patient’s care plan? (Select all that apply)

Choice A rationale: Encouraging participation in cognitive stimulation activities, such as puzzles, reading, or social engagement, helps maintain current cognitive function and delays further decline. These activities promote neuroplasticity and can improve the quality of life for patients with neurocognitive disorders. Choice B rationale: Educating the family is a critical nursing intervention. Major neurocognitive disorders are progressive, and families often experience significant caregiver strain. Providing information on what to expect and teaching effective coping strategies ensures a more supportive environment for the patient. Choice C rationale: Memory aids like written lists, calendars, and electronic alarms serve as external compensations for internal memory deficits. These tools help the patient maintain some level of independence in their daily activities and reduce the anxiety associated with forgetting tasks or appointments. Choice D rationale: A highly structured and predictable routine is essential for patients with neurocognitive impairment. Consistency in the daily schedule reduces the cognitive load required to navigate the day, which minimizes confusion, agitation, and the "sundowning" effect often seen in these patients.