A 7-year-old child is brought to the clinic due to fatigue, slowed growth, and constipation. On examination, the child has dry skin, a puffy face, and a hoarse voice. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Hypothyroidism is correct. The child’s fatigue, slowed growth, and constipation, along with physical findings such as dry skin, puffy face, and hoarse voice, are classic signs of hypothyroidism, a condition caused by insufficient thyroid hormone production. In children, untreated hypothyroidism can lead to growth retardation, developmental delays, and delayed puberty. B. Cushing's Syndrome is incorrect because it is characterized by weight gain, truncal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, and skin changes like striae, often with hypertension and hyperglycemia. Fatigue and constipation are less prominent, and slowed growth is not typically associated with early Cushing's. C. Hyperthyroidism is incorrect because it usually presents with weight loss, increased appetite, tachycardia, heat intolerance, hyperactivity, and rapid growth, which are opposite to the findings in this child. D. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is incorrect because it is usually presents with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. Constipation, hoarse voice, and dry skin are not characteristic of diabetes.