A client comes to the clinic due to shoulder discomfort and intermittent pain while swimming laps. To identify normal range of motion (ROM) of the client's shoulder, which assessment technique should the nurse ask the client to perform?

A. Alternate both index fingers to touch the tip of nose accurately:This tests coordination and cerebellar function rather than shoulder range of motion. It's commonly used in neurological assessments, not musculoskeletal shoulder evaluations.B. Extend arms up to 180 degrees beside the ears: This movement assesses full shoulder flexion, which is a key component of evaluating shoulder ROM. Normal flexion reaches about 180 degrees, and pain or restriction here could indicate shoulder joint pathology or soft tissue injury.C. Extend arms straight out and hold without drifting: This technique is used to assess for motor weakness or neurological deficits such as pronator drift. It does not specifically evaluate shoulder ROM.D. Hold arms up at 90 degrees while arms are pushed downward: This assesses muscle strength, particularly in the deltoids or rotator cuff, but it is not a direct measure of shoulder range of motion. It is more of a resistance test than a ROM test.