A client frequently expresses intense feelings of guilt and self-criticism after minor mistakes, striving for perfection and strict adherence to rules. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which function of the superego best explains this behavior?

Rationale: A. The superego represents internalized moral standards and ideals from parents and society. When overly dominant, it can lead to excessive guilt, perfectionism, and harsh self-criticism—exactly as described in the client. B. This describes the ego, which balances the id, superego, and reality—not the superego itself. C. Repression is a defense mechanism used by the ego to manage anxiety, not a primary function of the superego. D. This describes the id, which is driven by the pleasure principle—not the superego.