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    Hesi rn med surg 2 proctored exam

    A client is recovering from an episode of urinary tract calculi. During discharge teaching, the client asks about dietary restrictions. In discussing fluid intake, the nurse should include which type of fluid limitation?

    Explanation & Rationale

    Choice A reason: Tea and hot chocolate contain oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones—the most common type of urinary tract calculi. Limiting these beverages helps reduce recurrence risk. Choice B reason: Citrus juices, especially those high in citrate like lemonade and orange juice, can help prevent stone formation by inhibiting crystallization of calcium and oxalate. They are generally encouraged. Choice C reason: Low sodium soups are not contraindicated unless the client has other conditions requiring sodium restriction. Sodium can increase calcium excretion, but the soup itself is not a primary concern unless consumed excessively. Choice D reason: Overall fluid intake should not be limited. In fact, increasing fluid intake—especially water—is the most effective strategy to prevent stone recurrence by diluting urinary solutes and promoting regular voiding.

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