A client is undergoing hemodialysis. The client's blood pressure at the beginning of the procedure was 136/88 mm Hg, and now it is 110/54 mm Hg. What actions would the nurse perform to maintain blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)
Explanation & Rationale
Rationale: A. The nurse should contact the primary health care provider to report the drop in blood pressure during hemodialysis. The provider may need to adjust ultrafiltration goals or fluid removal rates to stabilize the client. B. Placing the client in the Trendelenburg position (head lower than the feet) helps increase venous return and improve perfusion to vital organs during hypotension. This is an appropriate immediate nursing intervention. C. Administering a 250-mL bolus of normal saline helps restore circulating blood volume, counteracting the hypovolemia that can occur from excessive fluid removal during dialysis. D. The nurse can adjust the rate of extracorporeal blood flow or ultrafiltration rate according to facility protocol and provider guidance to reduce the amount of fluid being removed, helping stabilize blood pressure. E. Stopping hemodialysis abruptly is not the first-line intervention unless the client shows severe instability or unresponsiveness. The priority is to correct hypotension and stabilize the client while continuing dialysis if possible.