A client presents to the emergency department with muscle aches, headache, fever, and describes a recent loss of taste and smell. The nurse obtains a nasal swab for COVID-19 testing. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?

Choice A reason: Reporting COVID-19 results to the local health department is an important public health measure, but it is not the most immediate priority at this stage. The nurse has not yet received the test results, and reporting is only required once a positive result is confirmed. While this action is necessary for surveillance and contact tracing, it does not address the immediate need to protect healthcare workers and other patients from potential exposure. Choice B reason: Donning full personal protective equipment (PPE), including an N95 respirator, face shield, gown, gloves, and shoe coverings, is the most important action. The client is exhibiting classic symptoms of COVID-19, including fever, headache, muscle aches, and loss of taste and smell. These symptoms strongly suggest infection, and the nurse must prioritize infection control to prevent transmission. Proper PPE use protects both the nurse and other patients, ensuring safe care delivery while awaiting test results. This action directly addresses the immediate risk of viral spread and is consistent with CDC guidelines for suspected COVID-19 cases. Choice C reason: Explaining to the client that they should inform others of potential exposure is appropriate, but it is not the most urgent intervention. While contact tracing and notifying close contacts are important for community safety, the nurse’s immediate responsibility is to protect themselves and others in the healthcare setting. This action can be addressed later once the diagnosis is confirmed and public health measures are initiated. Choice D reason: Teaching the client to wear a mask, hand wash, and social distance is an essential part of patient education, but it is not the most immediate priority in the emergency department setting. The client is already in a healthcare facility, and the nurse must first ensure proper PPE use to prevent direct transmission. Education about preventive measures is important for long-term management, but infection control through PPE is the most critical step at this moment.