A client receiving IV fluids develops redness, warmth, and pain at the insertion site. The LVN should suspect:

Rationale: A. Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue. The site is usually pale, cool, and swollen, rather than red and warm. Pain may be present, but the hallmark signs are edema and coolness at the site, not warmth and erythema. B. Phlebitis is correct. Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein, often caused by mechanical irritation from the catheter, chemical irritation from the IV solution, or infection. The classic signs include redness, warmth, pain, and a hard, cord-like vein along the path of the IV. Early identification is important to prevent complications such as thrombophlebitis or infection. Management includes discontinuing the IV, applying warm compresses, monitoring for infection, and documenting the event. C. Extravasation is similar to infiltration but involves vesicant or irritant medications that can cause tissue damage. While redness, warmth, and pain may be present, extravasation is usually associated with blistering, tissue necrosis, or ulceration, which is more severe than simple phlebitis. Without these signs, extravasation is less likely in this scenario. D. Fluid volume overload involves systemic symptoms such as edema in dependent areas, shortness of breath, elevated blood pressure, and jugular vein distention, rather than localized redness, warmth, or pain at an IV site. It is unrelated to the local signs described here.