A client receiving IV fluids suddenly develops dyspnea and crackles. The LVN should suspect:

Rationale: A. Phlebitis is incorrect because phlebitis is localized inflammation of the vein and presents with redness, warmth, pain, and a palpable cord along the vein. It does not cause dyspnea or crackles in the lungs. B. Fluid volume overload is correct because sudden dyspnea, crackles on auscultation, and possibly tachycardia or hypertension are classic signs of pulmonary congestion from excess IV fluid. This is especially likely if fluids are infused too rapidly or in patients with cardiac or renal compromise. Immediate nursing actions include slowing or stopping the infusion, elevating the head of the bed, administering oxygen, and notifying the provider. C. Air embolism is incorrect because an air embolism typically presents with sudden chest pain, hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea, and sometimes a “mill wheel” murmur. While dyspnea occurs, crackles are not a characteristic finding of air embolism. D. Infiltration is incorrect because infiltration involves leakage of IV fluid into surrounding tissue, leading to coolness, pallor, swelling, and discomfort at the insertion site, not pulmonary symptoms like dyspnea or crackles.