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    Ngu Hesi Rn Compass Exit Proctored Exam
    Select All That Apply

    A client sustained a head injury when hit by lead pipe two hours ago and is admitted for observation after the computerized tomography (CT) scan indicates that no spinal cord injury and no skull fractures are present. When the client begins projectile vomiting, the nurse quickly turns the client's head to the side and administers ondansetron 4 mg IV as prescribed. Reassessment indicates that the client's Glasgow coma score is 13 and the left pupil is dilated without reaction to light. Which intervention(s) should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

    Explanation & Rationale

    Rationale: A. Place in lateral Trendelenburg position: This position lowers the head below the heart, which can increase cerebral blood volume and further raise intracranial pressure. Clients with head injuries should instead be maintained in a neutral head position with the head of the bed elevated about 30 degrees to promote venous drainage. B. Insert a second large bore IV catheter: The client’s neurological deterioration suggests possible intracranial bleeding or herniation. Inserting another IV line ensures rapid access for fluids, osmotic diuretics, or emergency medications if the client’s condition worsens. C. Schedule a repeat CT scan: New-onset anisocoria (unequal pupils) and vomiting indicate potential brain swelling or expanding hematoma. An urgent repeat CT scan helps identify evolving intracranial pathology that may require surgical intervention. D. Apply artificial tear drops to left eye: A dilated, nonreactive pupil may indicate cranial nerve III involvement, impairing eyelid closure and corneal protection. Artificial tears prevent corneal drying and injury while further neurological evaluation is conducted. E. Repeat Glasgow coma assessment: Ongoing monitoring of the Glasgow Coma Scale allows for early detection of further neurological decline. Frequent reassessments help guide interventions and communicate changes promptly to the healthcare provider.

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