A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed a sulfonamide antibiotic for a bladder infection. When providing client education, what information should the nurse provide the client?

A. Get plenty of sunlight daily: Sulfonamides are associated with photosensitivity reactions due to increased skin sensitivity to ultraviolet light. Clients are advised to limit sun exposure and use protective measures. Encouraging increased sunlight would increase the risk of phototoxic reactions. B. Increase daily fluid intake to 2–3 liters: Sulfonamide antibiotics can crystallize in the urine, increasing the risk of renal irritation and stone formation. Adequate hydration promotes urine dilution and helps prevent crystalluria. This instruction is especially important for a client with a history of kidney stones. C. Take this medication with food or 8 ounces of milk: Sulfonamides are not routinely taken with milk, and dairy products do not prevent adverse renal effects. While food may reduce mild gastrointestinal upset, it does not address the primary renal risk. Fluid intake is the priority teaching point. D. Report problems with constipation to your provider: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of sulfonamides. Renal and hypersensitivity reactions are more clinically significant concerns.