A client with hypertension is willing to implement lifestyle changes to reduce blood pressure. Which changes would be beneficial in reducing the client's blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)

A. Limiting physical activity: Sedentary behavior is a risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Regular aerobic exercise helps lower blood pressure by improving vascular compliance and reducing systemic resistance. Clients should be encouraged to increase, rather than limit, their level of moderate physical activity. B. Giving up smoking cigarettes: Nicotine causes immediate vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, leading to acute elevations in blood pressure. Long-term smoking damages the arterial walls and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. Cessation is one of the most effective lifestyle changes for improving overall vascular health and reducing pressure. C. Eating canned vegetables daily: Canned foods are typically very high in sodium, which is used as a preservative. High sodium intake leads to water retention and increased blood volume, which raises blood pressure. Clients should be advised to choose fresh or frozen vegetables to minimize their sodium consumption. D. Pursuing measures for losing weight: Excess body weight increases the workload on the heart and is closely linked to metabolic changes that raise blood pressure. Even a modest reduction in weight can lead to a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic readings. Weight management is a cornerstone of non-pharmacological hypertension treatment. E. Reducing sodium in the diet: High dietary salt intake triggers the body to retain fluid, increasing the total volume within the vascular system. Reducing sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day helps lower blood pressure and reduces the risk of stroke. This change directly addresses the fluid-volume component of hypertension.