A common early sign of IV site infection is:

Rationale: A. Redness and tenderness at the site is correct. Localized redness, swelling, warmth, and tenderness are the first indicators of IV site infection or phlebitis. These signs reflect early inflammation of the vein or surrounding tissue, which can result from bacterial colonization at the insertion site, mechanical irritation, or chemical irritation from the IV solution or medication. Detecting these signs early allows the nurse to stop the infusion, remove the catheter, and initiate appropriate care, preventing progression to systemic infection or bloodstream infection. Patients may also report pain, burning, or discomfort along the vein, which is another early symptom. B. Fever and chills is incorrect because these are systemic manifestations of infection, which usually occur later after bacteria have entered the bloodstream (catheter-related bloodstream infection). Relying on fever and chills alone delays early intervention, increasing the risk of serious complications. C. Hypotension is incorrect because it is a late, severe systemic sign, often seen in sepsis or septic shock. It does not indicate a localized IV site infection. Waiting for hypotension would be dangerously late in intervention. D. Pulmonary crackles is incorrect because crackles indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, often related to heart failure or fluid overload, not infection at an IV site. This is irrelevant to early IV site infection.