A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be administered?

A. When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur: Glucagon is used in emergencies to rapidly increase blood glucose levels when a client is experiencing severe hypoglycemia and cannot take oral carbohydrates due to unconsciousness, seizures, or confusion. It works by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. B. Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia: Administering glucagon before meals would be inappropriate because glucagon increases blood glucose, potentially causing hyperglycemia. Preventing low blood sugar before meals is better managed by adjusting insulin timing or carbohydrate intake rather than using glucagon. C. At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis: Glucagon is not indicated for DKA, which results from severe insulin deficiency and high blood glucose, not low glucose. Treatment for DKA focuses on insulin administration, fluid replacement, and electrolyte correction. D. When unable to eat during sick days: Sick-day management for diabetes involves frequent blood glucose monitoring, adjusting insulin doses, and maintaining hydration. Glucagon is not needed unless hypoglycemia occurs and oral intake is not possible.