A nurse arranges for an aid to sit with a client overnight to avoid the use of restraints. The nurse should identify that this as an example of which of the following ethical principles?

A. Nonmaleficence means “do no harm.” By arranging for an aid to sit with the client overnight instead of using physical restraints, the nurse is preventing potential harm that restraints could cause, such as injury, psychological trauma, or loss of dignity. This action exemplifies the ethical obligation to minimize harm while providing care. B. Beneficence refers to taking actions that actively promote the well-being of the client, such as providing comfort, treatment, or health promotion. While the nurse’s action may also benefit the client, the primary ethical focus here is preventing harm, which aligns more directly with nonmaleficence. C. Justice involves fairness in the distribution of healthcare resources and treatment. This principle is not the primary consideration in deciding to avoid restraints in this scenario. D. Autonomy is the client’s right to make decisions about their own care. While respecting autonomy is important, the decision to prevent harm by providing an aid is ethically centered on protecting the client rather than directly honoring choice.