A nurse at an outpatient clinic receives a call from a client who reports experiencing syncope after starting a new prescription for enalapril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Rise slowly from a sitting position to a standing position: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, especially when therapy is initiated. Advising the client to rise slowly helps prevent dizziness and syncope related to sudden blood pressure drops. B. Decrease daily fluid intake: Reducing fluid intake can worsen hypotension and dehydration, increasing the risk of syncope. Maintaining adequate hydration is important unless otherwise instructed by the provider. C. Increase dietary potassium: While ACE inhibitors can raise potassium levels, the primary concern with syncope is hypotension, not potassium imbalance. Increasing potassium without monitoring could lead to hyperkalemia. D. Withhold the medication if pulse rate is less than 60/min: Enalapril primarily affects blood pressure, not heart rate. Withholding based on pulse rate is not appropriate; monitoring blood pressure is more relevant for safety and management of side effects.