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    Ati rn adult medical surgical 2023 proctored exam

    A nurse in a health clinic is caring for a client. Exhibits Drag 1 condition and 1 client finding to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client is at risk for developing dropdowndue todropdown.

    Explanation & Rationale

    Rationale for correct choices: Infection: Clients with HIV are immunocompromised and already at increased risk for infections. A declining WBC count, especially falling below the normal range (4,100/mm³ from 4,500/mm³), indicates worsening immunosuppression, further elevating the infection risk. WBC count: White blood cells are crucial for immune defense. In HIV clients, a low or decreasing WBC count suggests progressing immunodeficiency, making the body less able to fight infections, especially opportunistic ones. Rationale for incorrect choices: Dysrhythmias: The client's potassium level is 3.8 mEq/L, well within normal limits (3.5–5 mEq/L). There is no electrolyte imbalance that would predispose the client to cardiac rhythm disturbances. Renal failure: BUN is slightly elevated from 16 to 18 mg/dL, but still within the normal range (10–20 mg/dL). This mild change is not enough to suggest renal dysfunction or failure. Bleeding: Platelet count is stable and within normal limits at 162,000/mm³. Thrombocytopenia becomes more concerning at values below 150,000, so there is no immediate bleeding risk. Seizures: The sodium level is 139 mEq/L, which is within the normal range. There are no abnormal electrolyte findings or neurological symptoms to indicate seizure risk.

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