A nurse in a hospital is caring for a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has a large amount of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding. The client is placed on a fetal monitor indicating a regular fetal heart rate of 138/min and no uterine contractions. The client's vital signs are: blood pressure 98/52 mm Hg, heart rate 118/min, respiratory rate 24/min, and temperature 36.4° C (97.6° F). Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

A. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter: While a catheter may be necessary later for monitoring output or surgical prep, it is not the most urgent need. Ensuring circulatory access to manage potential hemorrhage takes priority over urinary concerns. B. Witness the signature for informed consent for surgery: Although consent is important if an emergency cesarean becomes necessary, stabilizing the client’s condition first is critical. Legal paperwork should not delay immediate life-saving interventions. C. Prepare the abdominal and perineal areas: Preparation for surgery may be required, but it is secondary to stabilizing the client. Without IV access, essential fluids, medications, or blood products cannot be administered during active bleeding. D. Initiate IV access: The client shows signs of possible hypovolemia from bleeding, with tachycardia and low blood pressure. Rapid IV access is the top priority to administer fluids or blood products and support maternal and fetal well-being.