A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler. Exhibits select words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The child is at risk for developing dropdown and dropdown

Answer: Renal scarring and pyelonephritis Rationale: The child in this scenario is presenting with symptoms consistent with a urinary tract infection (UTI), which has been a recurring issue for the child due to the history of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). VUR increases the risk of pyelonephritis, a type of kidney infection, because it allows urine to flow back into the kidneys, potentially leading to infection. Pyelonephritis is the term used to describe a kidney infection, which can develop from untreated or recurrent UTIs. Renal scarring is a long-term consequence of recurrent UTIs, especially in the context of VUR. The chronic infections can lead to scarring of the kidney tissue, potentially causing long-term kidney damage or dysfunction. Acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome are not as closely linked to this case. While both involve kidney issues, they do not typically result from recurrent UTIs or VUR in the same direct way. Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic condition that typically does not relate to recurrent UTIs or VUR in young children.