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    Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam

    A nurse in an urgent care clinic is caring for an infant who presents with vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased oral intake. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Oliguria: Vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased oral intake in an infant can lead to significant fluid loss and dehydration. Oliguria, or reduced urine output, is an early and sensitive indicator of decreased circulating volume and renal perfusion in pediatric clients. B. Bulging anterior fontanel: A bulging fontanel is typically associated with increased intracranial pressure, such as in meningitis or hydrocephalus, rather than dehydration. In fact, dehydration may cause a sunken rather than bulging fontanel. C. Hypertension: Dehydration usually leads to hypotension due to decreased intravascular volume. Elevated blood pressure is not a common manifestation in infants with fluid losses from vomiting and diarrhea. D. Decreased temperature: Hypothermia is uncommon in mild to moderate dehydration. Fever may occur with infectious causes of vomiting and diarrhea, but a decreased temperature is not an expected manifestation of dehydration in infants.

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