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    Pharmacology proctored exam (examplify)

    A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus type I who presented confused, flushed, hot, and with ketonuria. What is the only type of insulin given IV which would be used with this client?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. NPH insulin: This is an intermediate-acting insulin that has a delayed onset and is not used for emergency situations. It is administered subcutaneously and is inappropriate for intravenous use in acute diabetic ketoacidosis. B. Glargine insulin: This is a long-acting basal insulin that provides steady control over 24 hours. It is never given intravenously because it is designed for subcutaneous absorption and would not act rapidly in a hyperglycemic crisis. C. Detemir insulin: This is another long-acting insulin with a slow onset and prolonged effect. Like glargine, it is only given subcutaneously and cannot be administered intravenously in emergency treatment of ketoacidosis. D. Regular insulin: This is the only insulin approved for intravenous administration. It has a rapid onset when given IV, making it the drug of choice for managing diabetic ketoacidosis to quickly reduce blood glucose and correct acidosis.

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