A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with stage 4 cancer and is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Inform the client they cannot refuse the surgery once the consent form has been signed. A client has the right to refuse treatment at any time, even after signing a consent form. B. Explain the risks of the surgery to the client. The provider is responsible for explaining the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure. The nurse's role is to witness consent and ensure the client understands. C. Ensure the client has advance directives on file. Since the client has a serious, life-threatening illness (stage 4 cancer) and is undergoing surgery, it is important to verify whether they have advance directives, such as a living will or durable power of attorney for healthcare. These documents ensure that their wishes regarding medical treatment are followed. D. Ask the client if they wish to be resuscitated in the event they stop breathing. While this is an important conversation, it is typically initiated by the provider. The nurse should confirm whether the client has a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order or advance directives in place.