A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?

Rationale: A. Oxygen saturation of 93% is slightly below normal but does not, by itself, confirm fluid overload. It may indicate mild hypoxemia, but additional data (such as weight gain or edema) are needed to support that conclusion. B. Return of skin to its previous position when palpated indicates normal skin turgor, suggesting adequate hydration, not fluid overload. C. A 5 lb (2.3 kg) weight gain since yesterday is a key indicator of fluid overload in a client receiving hemodialysis. Rapid weight gain reflects retention of excess fluid, as 1 kg (2.2 lb) of body weight equals approximately 1 liter of retained fluid. This finding warrants prompt intervention to prevent complications such as pulmonary edema, hypertension, or heart failure. D. Flattened neck veins are typically associated with hypovolemia or dehydration, not fluid overload. In contrast, distended neck veins would be expected if the client were retaining excess fluid.