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    ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV proctored exam

    A nurse is assessing a client who is in labor and is receiving epidural anesthesia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Hypotension (low blood pressure) is a common side effect of epidural anesthesia due to the vasodilatory effects of the local anesthetic. It can lead to decreased perfusion to vital organs and compromise fetal oxygenation. Hypotension is a critical finding because it can affect both the mother and the fetus. In severe cases, hypotension can lead to maternal dizziness, nausea, vomiting, decreased uteroplacental perfusion, and fetal distress. Prompt intervention such as administering IV fluids and positioning the client to improve venous return is necessary to stabilize blood pressure and prevent adverse outcomes. B. Leg weakness can occur as a result of epidural anesthesia affecting the lower extremities. It is typically a transient and expected side effect. While leg weakness can impact the client's comfort and mobility, it is not as immediately concerning as hypotension in terms of potential complications for both the mother and the fetus. C. Urinary retention is a common side effect of epidural anesthesia but is generally managed by monitoring and, if necessary, catheterization. While it requires attention, it is not typically considered a higher priority compared to hypotension. D. An elevated temperature can indicate infection or a systemic inflammatory response, which may require investigation and treatment. While an elevated temperature is concerning and warrants further assessment to determine its cause, it is not typically the highest priority compared to managing hypotension, which can have more immediate and significant effects on both the mother and the fetus.

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