A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is brought to the emergency department and has burn injuries. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify the client has a deep partial-thickness burn?
Explanation & Rationale
A. A yellow burn with severe edema is more characteristic of full-thickness burns with necrotic tissue, or in some cases, mixed-depth burns. Full-thickness burns destroy the entire epidermis and dermis, and the underlying subcutaneous tissue may appear yellow, brown, or waxy. Severe edema is present due to fluid shifts, but this description does not align with deep partial-thickness burns, which retain some dermal structures and may still have red areas. B. Deep partial-thickness burns extend into the deep dermis, sparing some dermal appendages. Key features include red to white coloration, the presence of eschar due to coagulated tissue, variable pain because partial nerve destruction occurs, and moderate edema. These burns heal more slowly than superficial partial-thickness burns, may scar, and often require skin grafting. C. Pink burns with blisters describe superficial partial-thickness burns. These burns involve only the upper layers of the dermis, are moist and shiny, extremely painful because nerve endings are intact, and typically heal within 10–21 days without surgical intervention. Blistering and pink coloration distinguish them from deep partial-thickness burns. D. Black burns with absent pain indicate full-thickness (third-degree) burns, which destroy all layers of the skin, including nerve endings. They appear dry, leathery, and charred, are painless due to complete nerve destruction, and require surgical intervention, as they do not heal spontaneously.