A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old male child in the emergency department (ED). Exhibits Which findings indicate that the child may have a coagulation disorder? Select all that apply.

Choice A rationale: Hemoglobin of 11 g/dL is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and does not indicate anemia or a coagulation disorder. While hemoglobin levels may decrease in cases of significant blood loss, this value is not suggestive of a bleeding or clotting abnormality. Choice B rationale: Coagulation factor concentration of 35% is significantly below the normal range of 60% to 140%, indicating a potential coagulation disorder. Reduced coagulation factor levels impair the blood clotting process, leading to prolonged bleeding episodes, such as the persistent nosebleed observed in this child. Choice C rationale: Persistent nosebleed despite pressure is a clinical sign of impaired hemostasis, which may be due to a coagulation disorder. Normal clotting mechanisms should stop bleeding with direct pressure; failure to do so suggests an underlying issue with clot formation or stability. Choice D rationale: Platelet count of 165,000/mm³ is within the normal range (150,000 to 400,000/mm³) and does not indicate thrombocytopenia or a coagulation disorder. Platelets are essential for clot formation, but their normal count suggests that the bleeding is not due to platelet dysfunction. Choice E rationale: A history of fall with nasal trauma explains the initial cause of the nosebleed but does not indicate a coagulation disorder. Trauma-induced bleeding is expected, but the persistence of bleeding despite pressure raises concern for an underlying clotting issue. Choice F rationale: Hematocrit of 37% is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and does not indicate anemia or a coagulation disorder. Hematocrit reflects the proportion of red blood cells in the blood and is not directly related to clotting factor levels or platelet function.