A nurse is caring for a child who has mild dehydration due to an Escherichia coli infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Offering one banana and 1/2 cup of rice with each meal is incorrect. Although bananas and rice are part of the BRAT diet, which is sometimes recommended for diarrhea, the primary concern in mild dehydration is restoring fluids first. Once hydration is managed, a regular diet can be resumed. B. Giving 2 tsp of oral rehydration solution every 5 to 10 minutes is correct. Small, frequent amounts of oral rehydration solution (ORS) help replace lost fluids without overwhelming the stomach, reducing the risk of further vomiting or diarrhea. ORS is the preferred treatment for mild dehydration. C. Encouraging intake of fruit juices is incorrect. Fruit juices, especially apple or pear juice, contain high amounts of sugar, which can worsen diarrhea by drawing water into the intestines and increasing stool output. Instead, ORS should be used to rehydrate the child. D. Administering promethazine as needed is incorrect. Promethazine is an antiemetic that is not typically recommended for children due to the risk of sedation and potential side effects. Additionally, vomiting is not the primary symptom of E. coli infections, so rehydration should be the main focus.