A nurse is caring for a client in the medical-surgical unit. Exhibits Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease the risks for urinary tract infection for this client? Select all that apply.

A. Proper perineal hygiene reduces the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Using soap and water is recommended over antiseptics, as excessive antiseptic use may disrupt normal flora. B. The drainage bag should always be kept below the bladder level to prevent urine backflow, which increases UTI risk. The bag should be hung from a non-movable part of the bed or wheelchair. C. The client has heart failure and is already on a fluid restriction of 1000 mL/day. Encouraging excessive fluid intake could worsen fluid overload and heart failure symptoms. D. Urinary catheter bags should be emptied regularly (preferably when half full) to prevent urine backflow, which increases the risk of infection. Overfilled bags can create backpressure and promote bacterial growth. E. Indwelling catheters should be removed as soon as possible to reduce the risk of CAUTIs. Daily assessment ensures that the catheter is removed when no longer necessary. F. Routine changing of catheter tubing is not recommended unless there are signs of infection, leakage, or blockage. Frequent changes can introduce bacteria and increase infection risk.