A nurse is caring for a client who has a chronic illness. In which phase of the therapeutic relationship should the nurse help the client develop problem-solving skills?

A. Preinteraction phase: This phase occurs before the nurse meets the client and involves gathering information, reviewing the client’s history, and planning care. Problem-solving with the client is not addressed in this phase, as there is no direct interaction yet. B. Working phase: The working phase is when the nurse and client actively collaborate to achieve identified goals. Helping the client develop problem-solving skills, coping strategies, and behavioral changes occurs during this phase, as it focuses on interventions and progress toward therapeutic outcomes. C. Orientation phase: During the orientation phase, the nurse establishes trust, defines the nurse–client relationship, and sets initial goals. While assessment and goal setting occur, active problem-solving skill development has not yet begun. D. Termination phase: The termination phase involves concluding the nurse–client relationship, reviewing achievements, and preparing the client for independence. Problem-solving has typically already been addressed in the working phase; this phase focuses on closure rather than skill development.