A nurse is caring for a client who has a closed wound drainage system. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Rationale: A. Change the drainage tubing every 48 hr: Closed wound drainage systems are designed to remain intact and sterile until removal. Routine replacement of tubing can introduce pathogens and is not recommended unless there is evidence of damage or contamination. B. Observe for drainage flow through the tubing: Monitoring the flow and character of drainage ensures the system is functioning correctly and allows early detection of complications like blockage, dislodgment, or infection. C. Remove the drain if output from the drain increases: An increase in drainage volume can signal active bleeding, infection, or poor wound healing. Instead of removing the drain, the nurse should notify the provider for further evaluation and guidance on next steps. D. Irrigate the drain to maintain suction: Closed drainage systems like Jackson-Pratt or Hemovac are designed to maintain negative pressure without irrigation. Introducing fluid into the system can break the vacuum seal, reduce effectiveness, and increase the risk of infection.