A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of being a perpetrator of abuse and violence. Which of following characteristics should the nurse expect the client to have? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Abusive individuals frequently use intimidation, threats, or coercion to control others. This can be verbal, emotional, or physical and serves to maintain power and dominance over victims. Recognizing this behavior allows nurses to implement safety measures for both staff and other clients. B. Communication style alone, such as brevity of speech, is not a reliable indicator of abusive tendencies. Abusers may be articulate or manipulative in speech; the key factor is their pattern of controlling or aggressive behavior, not sentence length. C. Bravery or courage is a neutral trait and is not directly linked to a history of abuse. While abusers may present as confident, the presence of “bravery” does not predict abusive behavior. D. Abusive individuals often have poor impulse control and may react aggressively when frustrated, annoyed, or challenged. Low frustration tolerance can manifest as verbal outbursts, threats, or physical aggression, making this a key behavioral marker. E. Many perpetrators of abuse struggle with underlying insecurities. Aggression, control, or manipulation is sometimes a way to compensate for feelings of inadequacy or low self-worth. Recognizing low self-esteem can inform interventions aimed at behavioral modification or therapy. F. Abusive individuals may exhibit controlling and demanding behaviors, expecting others to comply with their wishes and reacting negatively when boundaries are set or expectations are unmet. This trait reinforces the power imbalance often central to abusive dynamics.