A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for the initial treatment of hypertension.Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the action of this medication?
Explanation & Rationale
Choice A rationaleHydrochlorothiazide does not interact with angiotensin II receptors. Instead, it affects electrolyte balance in the kidney by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine output and reduction in blood pressure.Choice B rationaleHydrochlorothiazide decreases sodium and water reabsorption in the distal tubules, increasing urine production. This diuretic action reduces blood volume and subsequently decreases blood pressure, effectively treating hypertension.Choice C rationaleHydrochlorothiazide does not block beta receptors. Beta blockers reduce heart rate and decrease cardiac output to lower blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide acts as a diuretic, not a beta receptor antagonist.Choice D rationaleHydrochlorothiazide does not promote movement of extravascular fluids into the vascular compartment. It decreases blood volume by reducing fluid retention through increased urine output, thereby lowering blood pressure.