A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?

Choice A reason: Ensuring that the catheter tubing is free of kinks or twisting promotes unobstructed urine flow and reduces the risk of backflow, which can introduce bacteria into the bladder. This is a key preventive measure against catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Choice B reason: Cleaning the perineal area should be done with mild soap and water, not antiseptic solutions, which can cause irritation and disrupt normal flora. Routine hygiene is important, but antiseptics are not recommended for daily use. Choice C reason: Catheters should not be replaced arbitrarily every 3 days. They should be changed based on clinical indications such as blockage, infection, or per institutional protocol. Frequent unnecessary changes increase infection risk. Choice D reason: Routine catheter irrigation is not recommended unless there is a specific order or indication, such as blockage. Irrigation can introduce pathogens and disrupt the closed drainage system, increasing infection risk