A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure following a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

A. Providing a quiet environment minimizes stimulation that can raise ICP. Noise, bright lights, and sudden movements can increase cerebral pressure. B. Administering stool softeners prevents straining during bowel movements, which could increase intrathoracic and intracranial pressure. C. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing increases ICP due to intrathoracic pressure changes and should be avoided. The nurse should help the client maintain a patent airway using less strenuous methods. D. Obtaining vital signs every 8 hours is too infrequent. Clients with elevated ICP require frequent neurological and vital assessments (e.g., hourly) to monitor for changes. E. Maintaining the head of the bed at 30 degrees promotes venous drainage from the brain, reducing ICP while maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure.