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    ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV proctored exam

    A nurse is caring for a client who has major burns and is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should anticipate a prescription to infuse which of the following solutions?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Lactated Ringer's is often preferred in the initial management of burn patients because it closely mimics the electrolyte composition of extracellular fluid and helps to restore intravascular volume and electrolyte balance. It provides effective fluid resuscitation without the risk of causing excessive free water retention or electrolyte imbalances.B. This solution primarily provides free water and does not contain electrolytes. While it can be used to provide calories and some degree of hydration, it is not suitable as the sole fluid replacement for a client with major burns and dehydration. Using hypotonic solutions alone in burn patients can lead to dilutional hyponatremia and worsen electrolyte imbalances.C. Similar to dextrose 5% in water, this solution provides some calories and minimal sodium chloride. However, it lacks sufficient electrolyte content to adequately replace losses in burn patients. It is not typically used as the primary fluid for resuscitation in major burns due to its inadequate electrolyte content.D. Like the previous options, 0.45% sodium chloride solution does not provide adequate electrolyte support for fluid resuscitation in major burns. It may be used cautiously in specific situations where a more dilute sodium concentration is desired, but it is not suitable as the primary fluid replacement solution for burn patients experiencing dehydration.

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