A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. Exhibits Select the "3" findings that should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing negative symptoms related to their schizophrenia.
Explanation & Rationale
A. Blood pressure: The blood pressure reading of 132/38 mm Hg is noteworthy, particularly the low diastolic value, but it does not specifically indicate negative symptoms of schizophrenia. It may require further monitoring, but it is not a direct reflection of the negative symptomatology. B. Lack of motivation: The client's refusal to eat, drink, or participate in therapy sessions indicates a lack of motivation, which is a classic negative symptom of schizophrenia. This symptom reflects diminished drive and engagement in everyday activities. C. Change in behavior: The client's prolonged withdrawal and limited interaction with others are significant changes from their previous functioning and can be considered negative symptoms. These changes often manifest as a decrease in social interaction and activities. D. Lack of energy: While the client appears to have slow movements and may seem fatigued, "lack of energy" is a vague term. However, the slowed movements can indicate negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia. The more specific term would be lack of motivation or social withdrawal. E. Withdrawn: The client's withdrawal from social interactions and activities is a clear indicator of negative symptoms. This behavior demonstrates a lack of interest in engaging with others and reflects the emotional and social deficits often seen in schizophrenia.