A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. Select the "3" findings that should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing negative symptoms related to their schizophrenia.

A. Blood pressure is a vital sign and does not reflect negative symptoms. While monitoring vitals is important for overall health and detecting complications, blood pressure readings do not indicate motivational, social, or emotional deficits. B. Lack of motivation (avolition) is a core negative symptom. In this scenario, the client refuses to attend therapy, eat, or engage in self-care activities. Avolition is characterized by decreased initiation and persistence in goal-directed activities and can manifest as inactivity or neglect of personal hygiene, nutrition, and social responsibilities. C. Change in behavior is a nonspecific finding. While the client has behavioral changes, such as withdrawal and slowed movements, the term itself does not clearly identify negative symptoms. Behavior can change for many reasons, including environmental stressors or medical conditions. To link to negative symptoms, the specific behaviors must reflect diminished functioning (e.g., lack of motivation, energy, or social engagement). D. Lack of energy (anergia) reflects diminished physical and mental activity. The client’s slowed movements, desire to sleep, and reluctance to participate in therapy demonstrate reduced energy levels, which are characteristic of negative symptoms. Anergia contributes to difficulty completing tasks and engaging in daily activities. E. Withdrawn indicates social withdrawal, reduced social interaction, and avoidance of contact with others. The client’s refusal to engage in conversation or participate in therapy sessions reflects this hallmark negative symptom. Social withdrawal can lead to isolation and further functional decline if not addressed.