A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting a depressed mood one week before the start of their menstrual cycle. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations consistent with which of the following disorders?

A. Cyclothymic disorder involves chronic, mild mood swings alternating between hypomania and mild depression over at least two years, unrelated to the menstrual cycle. B. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by severe mood changes, irritability, or depressive symptoms that occur during the luteal phase, typically one week before menstruation, and improve shortly after menstruation begins. This timing aligns with the client’s presentation. C. Bipolar disorder involves episodes of mania or hypomania alternating with depression, not specifically tied to the menstrual cycle. D. Postpartum depression occurs after childbirth, not in relation to the premenstrual phase.