A nurse is caring for a client who just had a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

A. After a cardiac catheterization, the client must remain on bed rest to prevent bleeding or hematoma formation at the vascular access site (commonly femoral artery). The exact duration depends on the type of closure device used, but bed rest for several hours is standard. B. The affected leg should remain straight and immobilized to reduce strain on the arterial puncture site, minimize bleeding risk, and allow proper hemostasis. C. Frequent assessment of pulses, color, temperature, and capillary refill ensures adequate perfusion to the extremity and allows early detection of vascular complications, such as thrombus or arterial occlusion. D. After cardiac catheterization, vital signs should be monitored much more frequently, typically every 15 minutes for the first hour, then every 30 minutes for 2 hours, to promptly identify hypotension, bleeding, or arrhythmias. Every 4 hours is insufficient in the immediate post-procedure period. E. The client should remain supine with minimal elevation of the head to prevent tension or movement at the arterial puncture site, which could cause bleeding or hematoma formation. High-Fowler’s is contraindicated immediately post-catheterization.