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    Ati rn paediatrics nursing 2023 proctored exam

    A nurse is caring for an 11-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and receives insulin injections. The child is experiencing an altered mental status, diaphoresis, and tremors. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Administer glucagon to the vastus lateralis: Glucagon is the treatment of choice for severe hypoglycemia when the child is unable to safely swallow or is experiencing altered mental status. It stimulates glycogen breakdown, rapidly increasing blood glucose. B. Administer D/W intravenous fluids: Dextrose-containing IV fluids are used to treat hypoglycemia if IV access is available, but glucagon administration is preferred initially if the child is unconscious or unable to take oral glucose safely. C. Give the child a candy bar: While candy bars provide sugar, they require chewing and swallowing, which may not be safe due to the child's altered mental status and risk of aspiration. D. Give the child 3 to 6 oz of orange juice: Orange juice is appropriate for mild hypoglycemia when the child is alert and able to swallow safely, but altered mental status indicates a more severe condition needing immediate glucagon or IV glucose.

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