A nurse is caring for an adult client in the primary care clinic. The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for heart disease? Select all that apply.
Explanation & Rationale
Choice A rationale: Hypertension increases vascular resistance and damages arterial walls, promoting atherosclerosis and elevating risk for coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular complications. Choice B rationale: Smoking accelerates endothelial injury, promotes plaque formation, and increases oxidative stress, significantly raising risk for heart disease and vascular complications. Choice C rationale: Daily exercise improves cardiovascular health, lowers blood pressure, and reduces lipid levels, serving as a protective factor rather than a risk for heart disease. Choice D rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis involves chronic systemic inflammation, which accelerates atherosclerosis and increases cardiovascular risk independent of traditional factors. Choice E rationale: Cholesterol level of 275 mg/dL is markedly elevated, promoting plaque deposition in arteries and increasing risk for coronary artery disease. Choice F rationale: Fasting glucose of 90 mg/dL is within normal range, showing no evidence of diabetes or metabolic syndrome, so it does not increase heart disease risk.