A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with this client?

Choice A reason: Low back pain may occur in UTIs, especially if the infection ascends to the kidneys (pyelonephritis), but it is not specific to older adults. Choice B reason: Incontinence can be a chronic issue in older adults but is not a specific indicator of a UTI. It may coexist but does not reliably signal infection. Choice C reason: Confusion or acute changes in mental status are hallmark signs of infection in older adults, including UTIs. Due to age-related changes in immune response and neurological sensitivity, older adults often present with delirium rather than classic symptoms. Choice D reason: Urinary retention may occur due to other conditions such as prostate enlargement or neurogenic bladder, but it is not a specific manifestation of UTI in older adults.