A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a urinary tract infection.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A rationale Polyuria is defined as excessive or abnormally large production or passage of urine, often greater than 2.5 liters in a 24-hour period. It is typically associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus (osmotic diuresis) or diabetes insipidus (deficiency of antidiuretic hormone). A routine urinary tract infection (UTI) usually presents with symptoms like increased frequency and urgency, but not necessarily an increase in total urine volume. Choice B rationale Urinary frequency is a classic symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly cystitis (bladder infection). Inflammation and irritation of the bladder lining (urothelium) caused by the colonizing bacteria (often E. coli) lead to increased sensitivity and involuntary detrusor muscle contractions, resulting in a persistent, urgent, and frequent need to void small amounts of urine. Choice C rationale Dysuria, or painful and difficult urination, is a hallmark clinical manifestation of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The discomfort arises from the inflammatory response in the urethra and bladder lining (mucosa) as the body attempts to fight the bacterial invasion, causing a burning sensation, especially upon the passage of acidic urine over the inflamed tissues. Choice D rationale Dependent edema is the accumulation of excess interstitial fluid in the body's lower extremities due to the effect of gravity, often associated with systemic conditions like heart failure (elevated venous pressure) or renal disease (proteinuria/hypoalbuminemia). It is not a typical or expected finding directly associated with an uncomplicated, localized urinary tract infection (UTI). Choice E rationale Hematuria, the presence of blood in the urine, is a common finding in urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially cystitis. Inflammation and damage to the delicate capillary walls and mucosal lining of the bladder and lower urinary tract by the invading bacteria (e.g., E. coli) and the host's immune response can lead to the leakage of red blood cells into the urine.