A nurse is collecting data from a client who has anorexia nervosa.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Explanation & Rationale
Choice A rationaleTooth erosion occurs in clients with anorexia nervosa due to the frequent vomiting associated with bulimic behaviors, which can be present in some individuals with anorexia. Gastric acid erodes tooth enamel over time, leading to sensitivity, discoloration, and decay. This is a direct physiological consequence of repeated exposure to stomach acid.Choice B rationaleHypotension, or low blood pressure, is a common finding in anorexia nervosa. Reduced food intake leads to decreased body mass and lowered metabolic rate. This can result in decreased cardiac output and peripheral vasodilation, causing systolic blood pressure below the normal range of 90-120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure below 60-80 mmHg.Choice C rationaleDiarrhea is not a typical finding in anorexia nervosa. Constipation is more common due to decreased food intake and slowed gastrointestinal motility. While laxative abuse can cause diarrhea, it is not a primary expectation in anorexia nervosa itself.Choice D rationaleCold extremities are often present in clients with anorexia nervosa due to poor circulation and a decreased metabolic rate. The body conserves energy by reducing blood flow to the periphery, leading to cold hands and feet. This is a physiological adaptation to conserve core body temperature in the face of inadequate caloric intake.Choice E rationaleLanugo, a fine, downy hair, can develop on the face and body of individuals with anorexia nervosa. This is a physiological response to significant weight loss and decreased body fat, as the body attempts to conserve heat. It is similar to the hair seen on newborns and is a sign of the body trying to insulate itself.