A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Expiratory wheeze: An expiratory wheeze is a high-pitched, musical sound heard primarily during exhalation. It occurs when the airways are narrowed or obstructed, as in an acute asthma exacerbation, and reflects bronchospasm and airflow limitation. B. Pleural friction rub: A pleural friction rub is a coarse, grating sound produced by inflamed pleural surfaces rubbing together. It is associated with pleuritis or pleurisy, not asthma, and is typically heard during both inspiration and expiration. C. Fine rales: Fine rales, also called crackles, are brief, high-pitched popping sounds heard during inspiration. They are often associated with fluid in the alveoli, as seen in conditions like pneumonia or heart failure, rather than bronchospasm in asthma. D. Rhonchi: Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds caused by secretions in larger airways. While they may be present in some airway disorders, they are less characteristic of acute asthma than expiratory wheezing.